I have this idea that we should be able to terraform coastal deserts in tropical and subtropical regions. The northwest coast of Africa (Western Sahara) and the Baja Peninsula in Mexico are 2 areas that seem like ideal candidates for this.
The high level idea is that we use the abundant energy (both sun and wind) to desalinate significant amounts of seawater to produce fresh water that can be used for irrigation as well as other necessary purposes such as drinking water and hygiene. From there, we could begin to branch out into a variety of agricultural ventures such as aquaponics, orchards, field crops, and even some marine agriculture in the form of inland sea channels.
Here is a mind map of some of the thoughts
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